CHARACTER STUDY SERIES
David The Shepherd Boy

Presented by Jerry Sagstuen

ANCESTRY

From the Tribe of Judah – Mathew 1:1 – 6A

Born 1040 – 8^th son of Jesse the Bethlehemite – 1Samuel 17:12

Lived in Bethlehem

Great Grandmother was Ruth of the Land of Moab – Ruth 4:21-22

Christ came from David’s line – Mathew 1:1-6A

 

EARLY YEARS

Age – about 23 years old – 1063-1048 – 2 Samuel 5:4. 30 years old

Keeper of the sheep – 1 Samuel 16:11 and 1 Samuel 17:34-37 ABOUT 15 YEARS OLD

Musician ( Played the Harp ) – 73 Psalms

Handsome man with red hair – 1 Samuel 16:12

 

1^st ANNIONTING AS KING – 1 Samuel 16:13 – the spirit of the Lord came upon

Him from that time forward

Had a heart God was looking for – 1 Samuel 16:7

Spirit departed from Saul – 1 Samuel 16:14

 

QUALITIES – 1 Samuel 16:18

Joins Saul’s Court – 1 Samuel 16:14-23

Cunning in playing the harp – 1 Samuel 16:23

Mighty Man of Valor

Man of War

Prudent in Matters ( he was wise )

Comely Person ( Handsome )

The Lord was with him

Saul’s armourbearer – 1 Samuel 16:21

 

THE RISE OF DAVID OVER SAUL    ( 1 Samuel 17:18-30 )

1 Samuel 17:1-58   – Defeats Goliath – National Hero

1 Samuel 18:1-4     – Friendship with Jonathan (Saul’s son)

Verse 5,16                – David’s relation with Saul

Verse 5                      – David behaved himself wisely – captain over army

Verse 6-9                  – Woman praised David more than Saul

– Saul became angry – eyed David from that day forward

Verse 10-16              – Saul’s tries to kill David

Saul was afraid of David because the spirit was with David and (VERSE 12,14,15)

Departed from Saul. Saul try’s to kill David

Respected – all Israel Loved David

1 Samuel 18:17-29    – Purposed marriage

Dowry                          – 100 Foreskins of the Philistines, hoping they would kill David, but he succeeded

-SAUL HOPING THAT DAVID WOULD BE KILLED

– Saul more afraid of David

Verse 29                        – Saul, David’s enemy continually

Verse 30                       – David behaved wisely and his popularity grew

 

LIFE AS A FUGITIVE – 1 Samuel -19 :1 -26:25

Someone always informs Saul where David is

1 Samuel 19

Verse 1 – 8   – Jonathan protects David from Saul

Verse 8         – David wars successfully with the Philistines – made captain

Verse 9,10    – Evil spirits upon Saul, David plays harp to soothe Saul, but Saul tries to kill David with                         A javelin, David escapes (2 times)

Verse 11-17   Michal protects David, let down through window

Psalms 59:11   (David’s House)

Verse 18-24 – David escapes to Ramah to Samuel

Verse 18        – Then to Naioth near Ramah to school of prophets and Samuel

Verse 20-21   – Twice sent messengers to take David – they Prophesied

Verse 22 –       – Saul goes to Ramah to take David – He prophesied

• Spirit of God intervenes 3 times to protect David

 

DAVID PROTECTED BY JONATHAN – 1 SAMUEL 20:1- 42

RAMAH   1 Samuel 20

Verse 14-16 – David makes a covenant with Jonathan to show kindness to Jonathans house (family line) Psalms 26

 

DAVID CAME TO NOB,PROTECTED AHIMELECH      1 Samuel 21:1-9

• Lies to obtain food and goliath’s sword

Verse 7            – Doeg see David , (Doeg-Chief of Saul’s Herdmen)

Verse 10-15 – Flees to Achish King of Gath.    Psalms 56

Verse 13          – Pretends to be mad to escape Philistines      Psalms 34

 

DAVID AND HIS BAND OF MEN     1 SAMUEL 22:1-26:25

Verse 22:5   – Escapes to the cave of Adullam      Psalms 57,64,142. (16 km SE of Gath)

Verse 2        – All his father’s house joined him  (400 PEOPLE)

Verse 3,4         – David seeks protection for his parents at Mizpah in Moab, East side of Dead Sea – David escapes to the forest of Hareth – A few miles east of Adullam

Verse 18          – Doeg kills Ahimelech and the Priests (85)      Psalms 52,140,141   verse 19-Psalms 35

Verse 20           –  Abiathar escapes and fled to David

Verse 21           – David assumes responsibilities for deaths of priests

 

KEILAH-5 KM SOUTH OF ADULLAM   1SAMUEL 23:1-12

-Philistine rob the threshing floors

Verse 2,4          Enquires of the Lord if he should fight the Philistines

Verse 5                 – David and his men safe inhabitants of Keilah    Psalms 140

Verse 6                 – Abiathar (priest) fled to David at Keilah with Ephod in hand

Verse 11,12         – David enquires of the Lord, will Saul come down?

Verse 12               – Will men of Keilah deliver me and my men into Saul’s hand?

 

DAVID AND HIS MEN,flees to the wilderness of Ziph in Judah,

1 Samuel 23:13-29

Verse 13                  – 600 men in the woods of Horesh       Psalms 140

Verse 16                – Jonathan joins David in the woods of Horesh

Verse 18                – Jonathan and David covenant before the Lord

– Last time David sees Jonathan alive

Verse 19                 – Ziphites informs Saul, David at Hachilah in the hills of the wilderness SE of Hebron

Psalm 54

David flees to the  wilderness of Maon -8km south of Ziph

1 Samuel 23:24

Verse 26              – Saul’s men had David surrounded

Verse 27-28           – Messenger informs Saul, that the Philistines had invaded the land, so he left off

-pursuing David

Verse 28                  – Place was called “SELAHAMMAHLEKOTH” ROCK OF ESCAPE, Division    Psalm 17

 

DAVID AT ENGEDI SPARES SAUL (Rock of wild goats) 1Sam.24:1-22

Verse 1-4               – Saul enters cave where David and his men are, David cuts off a piece of Saul’s robe,

buts spares his life    Psalm 7

Verse 8                    – David bows to Saul (Lord’s anointed) claims his innocence 1 Peter 2:13,17

Verse 17-22   – Saul’s remorse, David makes a covenant not to destroy Sauls seed (20-22)

 

1060 BC   WILDERNESS OF MAON     1 SAMUEL 25

Verse 1    -Samuel dies, buried in his house of Ramah, David goes to the wilderness of Maon,Carmel (V2)

Verse 2-44   – David and Abigail (3)

Verse 4-12   – David’s young men tell Nabal how they protected his shepherds

Verse 10,11 –  and asks for provisions which Nabal refuses to give

Verse 13       – David was angry and told his men to arm themselves to wipe out Nabal’s family

Verse 21-22, Psalms 109:5

Verse 14-35  – Abagail brings provisions to David and his men, preventing David from killing her and

her household (the Lords intervention)

Verse 36-44 – Nabal suffers a stroke and is paralyzed, and dies

Verse 42-43 – David takes Abagail and Ahinoam for wives

Verse 44      – Saul gives David’s first wife Michal to another man

 

AGAIN IN THE WILDERNESS OF ZIPH  1SAMUEL 26

Verse 1-25     – David spares Saul’s life a second time and takes a spear and a cruse of water

Verse 8           – (verse7) David and Abishai

Verse 9-10      – Leaves Saul’s judgement with the Lord

Verse 13-20    – Confronts Abner and Saul

Verse 21-25    – Saul admits his sin, recognizes David’s mercy (23) and the Lord’s protection and

leaves chasing David

 

THE REFUGE OF DAVID IN PHILISTINE TERRITORY

1 SAMUEL 27

Verse 1-4     – Escapes to Gath, dwells with Achish. (14 months)

Verse 4       – Saul stops pursuing David

Verse 6       – Was given Ziklag for his base and performs raids near the border of Judah

as you go to Shur even unto Egypt

Verse 8-10   – Invades the Geshurites, Girzites, Amalekites, Jerahmeelites, and Kenites, but did not

invade Judah as Achish though

Verse 11      – Killed man and women to prevent any news getting back to Achish

Verse 12      – Achish believed David’s reports

 

SAULS CONSULTS A MEDIUM       1 SAMUEL 28:1-25

Verse 14      – Samuel who was dead appears and tells Saul he and his sons will die the next day (v19)

because of disobedience (18)

Chap 29:1-11 – David leaves Achish and Philistines

Chap 30        – Returns to Ziklag, to find it burned with fire, family gone by the Amalekites

Verse 6         – Encouraged himself in the Lord

Verse 8         – David enquired at the Lord to pursue the Amalekites (600) men

– Lord answer pursue (400) men and (200) men stayed behind Brook Besor

Verse 19      – David defeats Amalekites, rescued family and goods

Verse 24      – Principal sharing in battle

Chap 31 – Saul and Jonathan and his son’s died in battle in Mount Gilboa

Bodies of Saul and his 3 sons hung on wall at Beth-Shan

Men of Jabesh – Gilead retrieved the bodies and buried them              under a tree at Jabesh.

 

 LAMENTS SAUL AND JONATHAN’S DEATHS  2 Sam1:1-27

Verse 19 – The beauty of Israel, mighty has fallen (25-27)

 

DAVID ENQUIRES OF THE LORD, LORD SAYS GO TO HEBRON IN JUDAH

2 Samuel 2:12 (1056 BC)

Verse 4      – David anointed King over Judah ( 2^nd anointing) (1055 BC)

–  Reigned 7 years 6 months

 

CIVIL WAR- ABNER (SAUL) JOAB (DAVID)  2 Samuel 2:12-4:12

Verse 30     – War ends – 5 years (1053-1048)

HEBRON     2 Samuel 3

Verse 2-5     – 6 more wives and sons, marriage helped form alliances with other territories (8 wives)

Verse 12-21 – Abner (Saul) makes peace with David (1048 BC)

Verse 22-27   – Joab kills Abner for the death of his brother, Asahel ( 2 Sam 2:19,22,23)

Verse 31-39   – David mourns over Abner, curses Joab (v29) and leaves judgement with the Lord

– Hebron was a city of refuge, Joab could not kill Abner without a trial (numbers 35:22-35)

2 Sam 4:1-12 – Death of Ishbosheth, acting King after Saul’s death

– David had the murderers, Rechab and Baanah put to death

Chap 5:1-6     – Reign of David over all Israel at Jerusalem

Chap 5:3-5     – Elders of Israel anoint David King (3^rd anointing)

– Reign 40 years, 7.5 years in Judah,33 years over Israel and Judah

Verse 10                     – David grew great and the Lord was with him

Verse 11                     – David builds a house  (1043 BC)

Verse 13-16               – David took more concubines, in Jerusalem, had 11 sons (Solomon) also

Verse 18-25      – Two battles with the Philistines

Verse 19,23                  David enquires of the Lord to go – the Lord said go

Verse 23:2                  – Battle, Lord said not to go, circle around instead, when you hear the sound

Of the mulberry trees, attack, so David did

 

THE ARK BROUGHT TO JERUSALEM (1042) 2 Sam 6:1-23   Psalms 132

Verse 1-8                     – wrong method transporting Ark (Levites) Numbers 4:15

– Uzzah dies for touching the Ark

– Ark left 3 months with Obed-Edom – He was a Levite (I Chron 13:13)

Verse 12                       – David brings Ark to the City of David with gladness

Verse 13           – The Levites bare the Ark

Verse17                       – Ark rested in the tabernacle. David had pitched and offered burnt offerings

and peace offerings

Verse 18                       – Blessed the people

Verse 19                       – Gave food portions to all the people

Verse 20-22                 – Michal disproves of David’s dancing before the Lord

– David refuses Michal. She bore no children unto the day of her death

 

THE LORD ESTABLISHES A COVENANT WITH DAVID-

AN ETERNAL HOUSE (1042BC) 2 Samuel 7:1-29

Verse 1-3       -David desires to build the Lord a house for the Ark

Verse 11-17 – The Lord will build David an eternal house

– The Lord through Solomon would establish a kingdom and build a house

– Kingdom established forever, mercy would not depart from Solomon

– The Lord will establish David throne for ever

Verse 18-29    – David’s praise, Psalms 86,96,135,139,145,147)

 

DAVID’S CONQUESTS FOR THE KINGDOM 2 Sam8:1-10:19

(1040 BC)

Defeats Philista, Moab, Zobah, Syria, Edom and built garrisons      Psalms 60

Verse 6,14   – The Lord was with David and preserved him, where ever he went

 

DAVID SHOWS KINDNESS TO MEPHIBOSHETH(1040bc)

Son of Jonathan

2 Samuel 9:1-13

Verse 7              – Restores Saul’s land (his grandfather) to him

– Sits at David’s table continually

– Zeba and his servants will till the land

 

DAVID DEFEATS AMMON   1^st CAMPAIGN(1037 BC)

2 Sam 10:1-19

Verse 2               – David wanted to show kindness to Hanun

Verse 4               – Hanun (son of Nahash) disgraces David’s men

Verse 7               – Joab and David’s mighty men defeat Ammon

Verse 15-19       – 2^nd Campaign-David  defeats the Syrians

 

DAVID’S CRIME-ADULTERY WITH BATHSHEBA

2 Sam 11:1-13 (1035 BC)

Verse 5                -Bathsheba was with child

Verse 14-27        – David has Uriah murdered in battle

Verse 27              – Displease the Lord

 

GOD’S JUDGEMENTS FOR DAVID’S SIN, 2 Sam 12:1-31

(1034 BC)

Verse 7     – Thou art the man-Nathan the Profhet

Verse 10-14    – 1) The sword shall never depart from David’s house   psalms 51,32

Verse 11          -2) God will raise up evil from thine own house

Verse 11          – 3) Take away David’s wives and give to another

Verse 12          – 4) God will do this openly

Verse 14          – 5) Child will die

Verse 24          – “Solomon” is born – peaceable

Verse 25          – Nathan calls him “Jedidiah” Beloved of Jehovah

Verse 28:30    – Joah/David defeats Ammonites

 

INCEST OF AMMON WITH SISTER TAMAR

2 Sam 13:1-22 (1032 BC)

Verse 22          – David did not execute Ammon as he should have

Verse 23          – Absalom and King’s sons slay Ammon – Flees to Geshur           1030 BC

 

REBELLION OF ABSALOM 2 Sam 14:1-18 (1027 BC)

ABSALOM ROUTES DAVID AND FAMILY

2 Sam 15:13-16:14, Ps 3,43 (1023BC)

Verse 15:23      – David and family pass over Brook Kidron with the Ark towards the wilderness,

between Jerusalem and the Jordon River

Verse 29            – Zadok and Abiathar bring the Ark back to Jerusalem

Verse 30            – David ascends to the Mount of Olives weeping   Psalms 126:6

Verse 31            – Ahithophel (David’s counselor) defects. Psalms 41:9,55:12-14, 3:1-2

Verse 32-37      – At Mount Olives Hushai (David’s friend) sent back to Jerusalem to obtain information

on Absalom’s movements, then to tell it to the priests Zadok and Abiathar

 

ABSALOM RULES IN JERUSALEM 2 Sam 16:15-17-23 (1023 BC)

Chap 16:1-4    – Ziba (Mephibosheth servant) lies to take his master’s land

Verse 5-14        – Shimei, son of Gera, cursed David, but David does not have him killed by Abishai

Verse 18-19      – Hushai accepted by Absalom

Verse 20-23      – Absalom lies with David’s concubines-God’s judgement-chapter 12:11

 

AHITHOPHEL COUNCIL DEFEATED BY HUSHAI

2 Sam 17:1-23  (1023 BC)

Verse 23   – Ahithophel hangs himself

ABSALOM DEFEATED BY JOAB AND KILLED

2 Sam17:24-18:23   (1023 BC)

 

DISORDER IN THE KINGDOM  2 Sam 19:1-39 (1023 BC)

Verse 1-8      – David mourns Absalom’s death

Verse 9-15   – King’s efforts to be reinstated in Jerusalem replaces Joab

with Amasa the commander of Absalom’s army

Verse 16-39  – Parties who come to meet the King

Shimei which cursed David; men of Judah; men of Benjamin

Verse 40-43    – Enmity between Judah and Israel

 

REVOLUTION IN THE KINGDOM   2 Sam 20   (1022BC)

Verse 1-7      – Sheba’s rebellion (Saul’s lineage)

Verse 8-13   – Joab kills Amasa who had replaced him as captain of David’s army

Verse 15       – At Beth Maachah Sheba killed by the inhabitants

 

DAVID’S CONCULSION IN THE KINGDOM 2 Sam 21:1-24:25

 

THE FAMINE   (1021 BC)    2 Samuel 21:1-14

Verse 1-2      Because Saul had slain the Gibeonites, which had a covenant with Israel (Josh 9:3-27)

Verse 3-14    Penalty against Saul’s family

Verse 7          Seven men of Saul’s sons, delivered to Gibeonites to be hanged in Gibeah of Saul

(Israel) where Saul was crowned King, so David did (these sons helped slay Gibeonites)

Verse 14     – Saul and his sons buried in Zelah in country of Benjamin in the sepulchre of Kish,

(Saul’s father)

Verse 15-22 – Exploits – in a battle with Philistine

Verse 15-17 – David’s life saved by Abishai by killing Ishbi-Benob

– David’s last battle

THE SONG OF DAVID 2 Sam 22:1-51 Psalms 18

• Because the Lord had delivered him from all his enemies

 

THE CENSUS AND THE PLAGUE 2 Sam 24:1-25 (1017 BC)

1 Chron 21:1 -Satan

Verse 1          – The Lord angry with Israel, caused David to number his soldiers

Verse 3          – Joab warns David that the Lord will add men as needed

Verse 4          – David’s order prevails

Verse 10        – David realises his sin

Verse 11-17  – David chose 3 days of pestilences , 70,000 died

Verse 17        – David speaks to the Lord. Asks why! Confesses sin.

Tells the angel to choose his house and his father’s

2 Sam 24:18-25 –  David builds an altar and offered burnt and peace offering altar at the

– David bought threshing floor of Araunah on Mount Moriah                                                                                  o                           ( outside North wall of Jerusalem)

– same place that Abraham offered Isaac (Gen 22)

– Same place where Solomon built the temple

 

DAVID’S PREPARATIONS FOR THE TEMPLE   1Chron 22:1-23:1

1 Chron 22:1-6,14-14 – Materials gathered

Verse 7-13 – David’s words to Solomon

Verse 17-19 – Commands to Princes of Israel

1015 BC

1 Chron 23:2-32 – David organizes the Levities (30 years and up)

1 Chron 24:1-31 – Numbering and duties of Levities

1 Chron 25:1-31 – Assigns the musicians

1 Chron 26:1-19 – Appoints porters

1 Chron 26:20-28 – Assigns the treasures (Revenues) of the House of God

1 Chron 26:29-32 – Delegates Magistrates

1 Chron 27:1-34   – David’s civil leaders

1 Chron 27:32-34 – The King’s closet counselors

 

DAVID’S LAST INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PEOPLE AND SOLOMON     1 CHRON 28:1-21

1 Chron 29:1-22 – David’s offerings and worship (1015 BC)

2 Sam 23:1-7       – Last formal utterance of David (985BC)

1 Chron 29:23-30  – Solomon’s accession and David’s death